Innovative Antibody Solutions for Modern Biotechnology
Antibodies are specialized affinity proteins that play a crucial role in humoral immunity. Their main function is the ability to recognize and bind foreign antigens with high specificity and affinity. In addition, antibodies act as adaptor molecules that help recruit immune cells to carry out a variety of effector responses. There are five major classes of antibodies: immunoglobulin A (IgA), IgD, IgE, IgG, and IgM, each of which performs distinct immune functions. Of these, IgG is the most prevalent, accounting for approximately 75% of all serum immunoglobulins. IgG antibodies are further divided into four subclasses, which differ both in their concentration and their ability to mediate specific immune responses.
Types of Antibody Solutions
Monoclonal antibodies (mAb)
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are laboratory-produced antibodies that originate from a single clone of B lymphocytes and are designed to recognize and bind to a specific epitope on an antigen. Unlike polyclonal antibodies, which consist of a mixture of immunoglobulin molecules that target multiple epitopes, monoclonal antibodies are homogeneous and highly specific .
Polyclonal antibodies (pAb)
pAbs are a heterogeneous mixture of immunoglobulin molecules produced by different B-cell clones in response to an antigen. Each antibody in the mixture recognizes a different epitope (antigenic determinant) on the same antigen, providing broad coverage and high binding sensitivity.
Key applications
Therapy
Oncology therapy: targeting tumor-specific antigens (e.g. HER2, PD-1).
Autoimmune diseases: Blocks inflammatory cytokines (e.g. TNF inhibitors).
Infectious diseases: neutralizes pathogens such as SARS-CoV-2 or HIV.
Rare genetic diseases: administer enzyme replacements or inhibit toxic proteins.
Diagnostics
ELISA, Western Blot, Immunohistochemistry: use antibodies to detect specific biomolecules.
Lateral flow tests: Rapid tests (e.g., antigen tests for COVID-19).
Biosensors: Antibody-coated sensors detect disease markers in real time.
Search Tools
Flow cytometry, immunoprecipitation, confocal microscopy.
Antibodies help locate, quantify, and analyze proteins in cells and tissues.
Drug discovery and development
Antibodies used in target validation, biomarker identification, and high-throughput screening.
